🎓 Chemistry • Acids & Bases
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pH Calculator (pH = -log[H⁺])
Calculates pH, pOH, [H⁺], and [OH⁻] with color-coded acidic to alkaline visual spectrum indicators.
What is pH in Chemistry?
pH is a logarithmic measure of the hydrogen ion concentration [H⁺] in an aqueous solution, ranging from 0 (strongly acidic) to 14 (strongly alkaline).
Formula & Step-by-Step Calculation
pH = -log₁₀[H⁺], [H⁺] = 10^(-pH)
Negative base-10 logarithm of hydrogen ion molarity.
Worked Step-by-Step Examples
Example 1
Calculate pH of a solution with [H+] = 1.0 × 10⁻⁴ M
Solution: pH = 4.00 (Acidic)
• -log10(1.0e-4) = 4.00
Common Real-World & Academic Use Cases
- ✓ Swimming pool water chlorine pH balance
- ✓ Soil pH for agricultural crop growth
- ✓ Blood gas analysis in clinical biochemistry
How to Use the pH Calculator (pH = -log[H⁺])
1
Enter pH Value
Input pH or use the slider.
2
Inspect Ion Concentrations
View [H⁺] and [OH⁻] in scientific notation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Can pH be negative?
Yes, extremely concentrated strong acids (like 12 M HCl) can have negative pH values.