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Fundamental Physical & Chemical Constants Reference

Searchable database of 30+ fundamental CODATA physical constants with 1-click copy

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Fundamental Physical & Chemical Constants

CODATA 2018/2022 precision values with SI dimensions and 1-click copy

cUniversal

Speed of Light in Vacuum

Exact speed at which conventional matter and light waves propagate in a vacuum.

2.99792458 × 10⁸

m / s

hUniversal

Planck's Constant

Relates photon energy to its frequency in quantum mechanics.

6.62607015 × 10⁻³⁴

J · s

ħUniversal

Reduced Planck Constant (Dirac)

Planck constant divided by 2π, fundamental to angular momentum.

1.05457182 × 10⁻³⁴

J · s

GUniversal

Newtonian Gravitational Constant

Empirical physical constant involved in calculation of gravitational attraction.

6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹

N · m² / kg²

eElectromagnetic

Elementary Charge

Electric charge carried by a single proton or the negative charge carried by a single electron.

1.602176634 × 10⁻¹⁹

mₑAtomic & Nuclear

Electron Rest Mass

Invariant mass of a stationary electron.

9.10938370 × 10⁻³¹

mₚAtomic & Nuclear

Proton Rest Mass

Invariant mass of a stationary proton.

1.67262192 × 10⁻²⁷

mₙAtomic & Nuclear

Neutron Rest Mass

Invariant mass of a stationary neutron.

1.67492750 × 10⁻²⁷

NₐAtomic & Nuclear

Avogadro Constant

Number of constituent particles in one mole of substance.

6.02214076 × 10²³

mol⁻¹

k_BThermodynamic

Boltzmann Constant

Relates average relative thermal energy of particles in a gas with temperature.

1.380649 × 10⁻²³

J / K

RThermodynamic

Universal Gas Constant

Molar equivalent of the Boltzmann constant used in the Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT).

8.31446262

J / (mol · K)

σThermodynamic

Stefan-Boltzmann Constant

Constant of proportionality in the Stefan-Boltzmann law for blackbody radiant energy.

5.67037442 × 10⁻⁸

W / (m² · K⁴)

ε₀Electromagnetic

Vacuum Permittivity

Capability of an electric field to permeate a vacuum.

8.85418781 × 10⁻¹²

F / m

μ₀Electromagnetic

Vacuum Permeability

Magnetic constant measuring the resistance of vacuum against formation of magnetic fields.

1.25663706 × 10⁻⁶

N / A²

R_∞Atomic & Nuclear

Rydberg Constant

Fundamental spectral constant limiting wavelengths of electromagnetic transitions.

1.09737316 × 10⁷

m⁻¹

u / DaAtomic & Nuclear

Unified Atomic Mass Unit

Standard unit of mass defined as one twelfth of the mass of an unbound neutral carbon-12 atom.

1.66053907 × 10⁻²⁷

FElectromagnetic

Faraday Constant

Magnitude of electric charge per mole of electrons.

96485.332

C / mol

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About Fundamental Physical & Chemical Constants Reference

Instant lookup and copy utility for fundamental scientific constants. Access CODATA precision values for the speed of light (c), Planck constant (h), gravitational constant (G), Boltzmann constant (k_B), Avogadro constant (N_A), elementary charge (e), and electron rest mass.

Key Capabilities & Features

Comprehensive CODATA 2018/2022 precision values
Categorized into Universal, Electromagnetic, Atomic & Nuclear, and Thermodynamic
Real-time keyword search across names, symbols, and descriptions
Exact SI units and scientific notation displays
1-Click copy of exact numeric values for instant calculation paste