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Dilution Calculator (C₁V₁ = C₂V₂)
Solves the dilution equation C1*V1 = C2*V2 to find required stock volume or final diluted concentration.
Solution Dilution Calculator (C₁ · V₁ = C₂ · V₂)
Fill any 3 fields and leave 1 blank to calculate stock or final conditions
Leave any one field empty to calculate it:
Dilution Process: Stock + Solvent ➔ Diluted
Initial Stock Volume Needed (V₁)
41.667 mL
💧 Preparation Instruction: Add solvent to reach final volume+458.33 mL solvent
Equation: C₁ · V₁ = C₂ · V₂ Solving for V₁: V₁ = (C₂ × V₂) / C₁ = (1 × 500) / 12 = 41.667 mL Solvent to Add: ΔV = V₂ - V₁ = 458.33 mL water/buffer
What is Solution Dilution?
Dilution is the process of decreasing the concentration of a solute in a solution, usually by mixing with more solvent.
Formula & Step-by-Step Calculation
C₁ × V₁ = C₂ × V₂ (or M₁V₁ = M₂V₂)
Conservation of solute moles during solvent addition.
Worked Step-by-Step Examples
Example 1
Prepare 500 mL of 1.0 M HCl from 12.0 M stock acid
Solution: V₁ = 41.67 mL stock HCl needed
• V₁ = (1.0 M × 500 mL) / 12.0 M = 41.67 mL
Common Real-World & Academic Use Cases
- ✓ Preparing working acid solutions from concentrated stock
- ✓ Serial dilutions in microbiology
- ✓ Agricultural pesticide tank mixing
How to Use the Dilution Calculator (C₁V₁ = C₂V₂)
1
Fill 3 Known Values
Enter initial & final concentrations and target volume.
2
Leave 1 Blank
Leave unknown variable blank.
3
Read Required Volume
Inspect volume of stock solution to pipette.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Why does C1V1 = C2V2 work?
Because adding pure solvent does not change the total amount of solute moles present in the flask.